Did you know that not all states will let you use an electric bike in your town? Electric bike laws vary depending on the state you’re located in, and because e-bikes are motor-assisted cycles, most states have some sort of regulations on them.
Does that mean your dream of an e-bike is broken? Of course not! All it means is that you've got to know what to do to stay safe on the road and protected under the law. That's where this guide comes in handy.
This complete go-to guide breaks down electric bicycle regulations by state so you're ready to hit the road with peace of mind.
A State-by-State Breakdown of Electric Bike Laws
We can't stress enough that all states have different laws regarding electric bicycles. Some states require licensing and/or insurance, other states have restrictions on motor size, and don't us started on helmet laws. Here you’ll find a breakdown of each state’s electric bike laws, listed in alphabetical order from Alabama to Wyoming. From helmet and motor requirements to licensing and insurance, we'll walk you through the can's and can't's around e-bikes where you live. Let's get started:Alabama
How an Electric Bike Is Defined- In Alabama, an electric bicycle is considered a “motor-driven cycle.” Under the law, electric bicycles are not required to follow the same rules of the road as traditional bicycles.
- All electric bike riders are required by law to carry an operator’s license and must meet the state’s registration requirements. However, e-bikes are not subject to insurance requirements.
- Helmets must be worn by riders, and there is a 14-year age minimum for electric bicycle use.
- E-bikes may be operated on roads, but must avoid sidewalks and bike paths.
Alaska
How an Electric Bike Is Defined
- In Alaska, an electric bicycle is considered a “motor-driven cycle.” Under the law, electric bicycles are not required to follow the same rules of the road as traditional bicycles.
- All electric bicycle riders are required by law to carry an operator’s license and must meet the state’s registration requirements. However, e-bikes are not subject to insurance requirements.
- Helmets must be worn by riders, and there is a 14-year age minimum for electric bicycle use.
- E-bikes may be operated on roads, but must avoid sidewalks and bike paths.
Arizona
How an Electric Bike Is Defined- In Arizona, electric bicycles are regulated in the same way as traditional bicycles. Both vehicles must follow the same rules of the road.
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The state defines three classes of e-bikes.
- Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 20 mph.
- Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 20 mph.
- Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 28 mph.
- Electric bicycles are not required to meet the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that standard motor vehicles are subject to.
- Helmets are not required, and there is no minimum age required to operate an electric bicycle.
- E-bikes are allowed on sidewalks and bike paths. However, local governments have the power to impose restrictions on the use of electric bicycles using motor power while on bike paths. It’s best to check with your town, city, our county for clarification on local electric bicycle rules and regulations.
Arkansas
How an Electric Bike Is Defined- In Arkansas, electric bicycles are regulated in the same way as traditional bicycles. Both vehicles must follow the same rules of the road.
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The state defines three classes of e-bikes.
- Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 20 mph.
- Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 20 mph.
- Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 28 mph.
- E-bikes are not required to meet the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that standard motor vehicles are subject to.
- Helmets are required for all Class 3 electric bicycle riders under the age of 21. Individuals 16 years of age or younger are not allowed to ride a Class 3 e-bike.
- There are some access restrictions for Class 3 e-bike riders. Local governments have the power to impose restrictions on the use of electric bicycles using motor power while on bike paths. It’s best to check with your town, city, our county for clarification on local electric bicycle rules and regulations.
California
How an Electric Bike Is Defined
- In California, electric bicycles are regulated in the same way as traditional bicycles. Both vehicles must follow the same rules of the road.
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The state defines three classes of e-bikes.
- Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 20 mph.
- Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 20 mph.
- Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 28 mph.
- E-bikes are not required to meet the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that standard motor vehicles are subject to.
- Class 3 electric bicycle riders are required to wear helmets. Individuals under the age of 16 are prohibited from riding Class 3 e-bikes (unless as a passenger).
- There are some access restrictions for Class 3 e-bike riders. Local governments have the power to impose restrictions on the use of electric bicycles using motor power while on bike paths. It’s best to check with your town, city, our county for clarification on local electric bicycle rules and regulations.
Colorado
How an Electric Bike Is Defined- In Colorado, electric bicycles are regulated in the same way as traditional bicycles. Both vehicles must follow the same rules of the road.
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The state defines three classes of e-bikes.
- Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 20 mph.
- Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 20 mph.
- Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 28 mph.
- Electric bicycles are not required to meet the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that standard motor vehicles are subject to.
- Helmets are required for all Class 3 electric bicycle riders under the age of 21. Individuals 16 years of age or younger are not allowed to ride a Class 3 e-bike.
- There are some access restrictions for Class 3 e-bike riders. Local governments have the power to impose restrictions on the use of electric bicycles using motor power while on bike paths. It’s best to check with your town, city, our county for clarification on local electric bicycle rules and regulations.
Connecticut
How an Electric Bike Is Defined- In Connecticut, electric bicycles are regulated in the same way as traditional bicycles. Both vehicles must follow the same rules of the road.
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The state defines three classes of e-bikes.
- Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 20 mph.
- Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 20 mph.
- Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 28 mph.
- E-bikes are not required to meet the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that standard motor vehicles are subject to.
- All electric bicycle riders are required to wear helmets. Individuals under the age of 16 are prohibited from riding Class 3 e-bikes (unless as a passenger).
- Class 3 e-bikes are prohibited from riding on bicycle trails or paths or multi-use trails or paths. Local governments have the power to impose restrictions on the use of e-bikes using motor power while on bike paths. It’s best to check with your town, city, our county for clarification on local electric bicycle rules and regulations.
Delaware
How an Electric Bike Is Defined
- The state of Delaware defines an electric bicycle as a “bicycle.” As long as the motor is under 750w, has a maximum speed of 20 mph, and has operable pedals, the electric bike falls into the bicycle category. Both e-bikes and traditional bikes must follow the same rules of the road.
- E-bikes are not required to meet the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that standard motor vehicles are subject to.
- Both electric bicycles and traditional bicycles require all riders and passengers under the age of 18 to wear helmets. There is no minimum age requirement to ride an electric bike.
- E-bikes are allowed on sidewalks and bike paths.
Florida
How an Electric Bike Is Defined- In Florida, an electric bicycle falls under the definition of a “bicycle” as long as it is capable of being operated by human power and has a maximum speed of 20 mph.
- E-bikes are not required to meet the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that standard motor vehicles are subject to.
- Helmets are not required for electric bicycle riders. However, there is a minimum age requirement of 16 to operate an e-bike.
- E-bikes are prohibited from being used on sidewalks, and are only allowed on bike paths when under human power alone.
Georgia
How an Electric Bike Is Defined- In Georgia, electric bicycles are regulated in the same way as traditional bicycles. Both vehicles must follow the same rules of the road.
- E-bikes are not required to meet the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that standard motor vehicles are subject to.
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The state defines three classes of e-bikes.
- Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 20 mph.
- Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 20 mph.
- Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 28 mph.
- Helmets are required for all persons who operate or ride as a passenger on a Class 3 electric bicycle. You must be at least 15 years old to operate a Class 3 e-bike, although a person under the age of 15 may ride as a passenger on a Class 3 e-bike.
- Class 3 e-bikes are not allowed on a bicycle path or shared use path unless it is located adjacent to a highway or roadway, or they are specifically allowed by the local authority or state agency that has jurisdiction.
Hawaii
How an Electric Bike Is Defined
- In Hawaii, an electric bike is defined as a “low-speed electric bicycle.” The maximum speed on a paved level surface when powered solely by a motor must be less than 20 mph.
- Electric bicycle owners must pay a $30 registration fee at any city hall satellite location or the state business registration unit in Honolulu. There is a minimum age requirement of 18 to register.
- Helmets are required for electric bike riders 16 years of age or younger.
- E-bikes are allowed everywhere that traditional bikes are allowed, including bike paths.
Idaho
How an Electric Bike Is Defined- In Idaho, electric bicycles are regulated in the same way as traditional bicycles. Both vehicles must follow the same rules of the road.
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The state defines three classes of e-bikes.
- Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 20 mph.
- Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 20 mph.
- Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 28 mph.
- E-bikes are not required to meet the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that standard motor vehicles are subject to.
- E-bikes are allowed on bike paths. However, local governments have the power to impose restrictions on the use of e-bikes using motor power while on bike paths. It’s best to check with your town, city, our county for clarification on local electric bicycle rules and regulations.
Illinois
How an Electric Bike Is Defined
- In Illinois, an electric bicycle is defined as a “low-speed electric bicycle.” Both vehicles must follow the same rules of the road.
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The state defines three classes of e-bikes.
- Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 20 mph.
- Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 20 mph.
- Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 28 mph.
- E-bikes are not required to meet the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that standard motor vehicles are subject to.
- E-bikes cannot be operated on sidewalks. However, they are allowed on bike paths. Keep in mind that local governments have the power to impose restrictions on the use of e-bikes using motor power while on bike paths. It’s best to check with your town, city, our county for clarification on local electric bicycle rules and regulations.
Indiana
How an Electric Bike Is Defined- In Indiana, electric bicycles are regulated in the same way as traditional bicycles. Both vehicles must follow the same rules of the road.
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The state defines three classes of e-bikes.
- Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 20 mph.
- Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 20 mph.
- Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 28 mph.
- E-bikes are not required to meet the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that standard motor vehicles are subject to.
- Helmets are required for anyone under the age of 18 who operates or rides as a passenger on a Class 3 electric bicycle. Persons 15 years or older are allowed to operate Class 3 e-bikes. However, a person under the age of 15 may ride a Class 3 e-bike as a passenger.
- Class 3 electric bicycles cannot be operated on trails, bicycle paths, or multipurpose path unless it is within or located adjacent to a highway or roadway, or they are specifically allowed by the local authority or state agency with jurisdiction.
Iowa
How an Electric Bike Is Defined- The state of Iowa defines an electric bicycle as a “bicycle.” As long as the motor is under 750w, has a maximum speed of 20 mph, and has operable pedals, the electric bicycle falls into the bicycle category. Both electric bicycles and traditional bicycles must follow the same rules of the road.
- E-bikes are not required to meet the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that standard motor vehicles are subject to.
- Helmets are not required for e-bike use, and there is no minimum age requirement to operate an electric bicycle.
- Electric bikes are prohibited from being used on sidewalks and bike paths.
Kansas
How an Electric Bike Is Defined
- The state of Kansas defines an electric bicycle as an “electric assisted bicycle.” To be placed in this category, the motor must be under 1000w, have a maximum speed of 20 mph, and have pedals that can be operated by human power. Both electric bicycles and traditional bicycles must adhere to the same rules of the road.
- E-bikes are not required to meet the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that standard motor vehicles are subject to.
- Helmets are not required for electric bike use, and there is no minimum age requirement to operate an e-bike.
- E-bikes are prohibited from being used on sidewalks and bike paths.
Kentucky
How an Electric Bike Is Defined- In the state of Kentucky, an electric bicycle is considered a “bicycle” if it has operable pedals and can be operated using a combination of both human and motor power. Both electric bicycles and traditional bicycles must adhere to the same rules of the road.
- E-bikes are not required to meet the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that standard motor vehicles are subject to.
- Helmets are not required for e-bike use, and there is no minimum age requirement to operate an electric bicycle.
- E-bikes are allowed on sidewalks and bike paths.
Louisiana
How an Electric Bike Is Defined- The state of Louisiana defines an electric bicycle as a “motorized bicycle” as long as it reaches a maximum speed of 25 mph. Electric bicycles do not have to follow the same rules of the road as traditional bicycles.
- Electric bike riders must carry an operator’s license and meet all registration requirements to legally operate an e-bike. However, e-bikes are not subject to any insurance requirements.
- A helmet is required while operating an electric bicycle. There is a minimum age of 15 to operate an e-bike.
- E-bikes are prohibited from being used on sidewalks. Local governments have the power to impose restrictions on the use of e-bikes using motor power while on bike paths. It’s best to check with your town, city, our county for clarification on local electric bicycle rules and regulations.
Maine
How an Electric Bike Is Defined
- In Maine, electric bicycles are regulated in the same way as traditional bicycles. Both vehicles must follow the same rules of the road.
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The state defines three classes of e-bikes.
- Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 20 mph.
- Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 20 mph.
- Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 28 mph.
- E-bikes are not required to meet the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that standard motor vehicles are subject to.
- Electric bike riders or passengers under the age of 16 are required to wear helmets. No person under the age of 16 may operate a Class 2 or Class 3 electric bicycle unless it is designed to accommodate passengers.
- Class 3 electric bicycles may not be operated on a bike path unless it is on a highway or roadway, or Class 3 operation is allowed by the local authority.
Maryland
How an Electric Bike Is Defined- Electric bicycles are regulated the same as traditional bicycles. Both must follow the same rules of the road as stipulated by the local governments.
- E-bikes are not required to meet the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that standard motor vehicles are subject to.
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The state defines three classes of e-bikes.
- Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 20 mph.
- Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 20 mph.
- Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 28 mph.
- Class 3 e-bikes are prohibited from being ridden on bicycle paths unless they are adjacent to a highway or right-of-way, or they are specifically allowed by the local authority or the state agency that holds jurisdiction.
- E-bikes are allowed on sidewalks, unless otherwise stated.
Massachusetts
How an Electric Bike Is Defined- The state of Massachusetts defines an electric bicycle as a “motorized bicycle” as long as it reaches a maximum speed of 25 mph. Electric bicycles do not have to follow the same rules of the road as traditional bicycles.
- Electric bike operators are required to carry a license and may be subject to certain registration requirements.
- A helmet is required while operating an electric bicycle, and there is a minimum age requirement of 16 to legally operate an e-bike.
- E-bikes are not permitted on sidewalks or bike paths.
Michigan
How an Electric Bike Is Defined
- Electric bicycles are regulated the same as traditional bicycles. Both must follow the same rules of the road as stipulated by the local governments.
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The state defines three classes of e-bikes.
- Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 20 mph.
- Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 20 mph.
- Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 28 mph.
- E-bikes are not required to meet the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that standard motor vehicles are subject to. A permit is required to ride an electric bicycle within Mackinac Island State Park.
- Helmets are required for all e-bike riders under the age of 18. No one under the age of 14 is allowed to ride a Class 3 electric bicycle, unless riding as a passenger.
- Class 1 e-bikes can be operated on bike paths and linear trails. Class 2 and Class 3 e-bikes, however, cannot, unless the local agency provides authorization.
Minnesota
How an Electric Bike Is Defined- The state of Minnesota defines an electric bicycle as an “electric assisted bicycle.” To be placed in this category, the motor must be under 1000w, have a maximum speed of 20 mph, and have pedals that can be operated by human power. Both electric bicycles and traditional bicycles must adhere to the same rules of the road.
- E-bikes are not required to meet the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that standard motor vehicles are subject to.
- Helmets are not required to operate an electric bicycle. However, riders must be at least 15 years of age to operate an e-bike.
- E-bikes are prohibited from being operated on sidewalks and bike paths.
Mississippi
How an Electric Bike Is Defined- The state of Mississippi defines an electric bicycle as a “bicycle with motor attached.” Both electric bicycles and traditional bicycles must adhere to the same rules of the road.
- E-bikes are not required to meet the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that standard motor vehicles are subject to.
- Helmets are not required for e-bike use, and there is no age minimum to operate an electric bicycle.
- E-bikes are allowed on both sidewalks and bike paths; however, local regulations may require that the motor be disengaged.
Missouri
How an Electric Bike Is Defined- The state of Massachusetts defines an electric bicycle as a “motorized bicycle” as long as it reaches a maximum speed of 30 mph. E-bikes do not have to follow the same rules of the road as traditional bicycles.
- E-bike riders are required to carry an operator’s license. However, e-bikes are not subject to any registration or insurance requirements.
- Helmets are not required to operate an electric bike. However, there is a minimum age requirement of 16 to operate an e-bike.
- E-bikes are not allowed on sidewalks. E-bike riders should consult with their local government to determine if e-bikes are permitted on bike paths.
Montana
How an Electric Bike Is Defined
- The state of Montana defines an electric bicycle as an “electric assisted bicycle.” To be placed in this category, the motor must have a maximum speed of 20 mph. Both electric bicycles and traditional bicycles must adhere to the same rules of the road.
- E-bikes are not required to meet the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that standard motor vehicles are subject to.
- Helmets are not required to operate an electric bicycle, and there is no minimum age requirement for e-bike riders.
- E-bikes are allowed on both sidewalks and bike paths.
Nebraska
How an Electric Bike Is Defined- The state of Nebraska defines an electric bicycle as an “electric assisted bicycle.” To be placed in this category, the motor must be under 750w, have a maximum speed of 20 mph, and have pedals that can be operated by human power. Both electric bicycles and traditional bicycles must adhere to the same rules of the road.
- E-bikes are not required to meet the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that standard motor vehicles are subject to.
- E-bike riders are not required to wear helmets, and there is no minimum age requirement for riders.
- E-bikes are not permitted on sidewalks and bike paths.
Nevada
How an Electric Bike Is Defined- The state of Nevada defines an e-bike as an “electric bicycle.” To be placed in this category, the motor must be under 750w, have a maximum speed of 20 mph, and have pedals that can be operated by human power.
- E-bikes are not required to meet the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that standard motor vehicles are subject to.
- Electric bike riders are not required to wear helmets, and there is no minimum age requirement for riders.
- E-bikes are allowed on bike paths, but are not permitted on sidewalks.
New Hampshire
How an Electric Bike Is Defined
- Electric bicycles are regulated the same as traditional bicycles. Both must follow the same rules of the road as stipulated by the local governments.
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The state defines three classes of e-bikes.
- Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 20 mph.
- Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 20 mph.
- Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 28 mph.
- E-bikes are not required to meet the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that standard motor vehicles are subject to.
- Helmets are required for both riders and passengers of Class 3 e-bikes who are under the age of 18. Riders must be at least 16 years old to operate a Class 3 electric bicycle, unless the e-bike is designed to accommodate passengers.
- Both Class 1 and Class 2 e-bikes are permitted on bicycle or multi-use paths. Class 3 e-bikes are only allowed on the roadway, unless otherwise indicated by the local authority.
New Jersey
How an Electric Bike Is Defined- In New Jersey, an e-bike is defined as a “low-speed electric bicycle.”
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The state designates two classes of e-bikes.
- Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 20 mph.
- Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 20 mph.
- Both class 1 and class 2 electric bicycles are regulated the same as traditional bicycles.
- Class 1 and 2 e-bikes are not subject to the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles.
- Both Class 1 and 2 e-bikes are allowed on bicycle paths. However, they cannot be operated on sidewalks designated for pedestrian use, unless noted otherwise.
New Mexico
How an Electric Bike Is Defined- New Mexico defines an electric bicycle as a “moped.” As such, e-bikes are not required to follow the same rules of the road as traditional bicycles.
- Since e-bikes are categorized as mopeds, they are subject to meeting the same licensing and insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles. Riders must be at least 15 years old to operate an e-bike.
- E-bikes are not permitted on sidewalks.
New York
How an Electric Bike Is Defined
- In New York, an electric bicycle is considered a “motor-driven cycle” and is subject to the same rules as traditional motor vehicles.
- New York’s Department of Motor Vehicles does not recognize e-bikes as vehicles, meaning that they are not subject to registration and licensing.
- E-bikes are permitted on any street, highway, parking lot, sidewalk, or other area that is open to public motor vehicle traffic.
North Carolina
How an Electric Bike Is Defined- The state of North Carolina defines an e-bike as an “electric assisted bicycle.” To be placed in this category, the motor must be under 1000w, have a maximum speed of 20 mph, and have pedals that can be operated by human power. Both electric bicycles and traditional bicycles must adhere to the same rules of the road.
- E-bikes are not required to meet the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that standard motor vehicles are subject to.
- Helmets are not required for electric bicycle use. However, there is a minimum age requirement of 16 for e-bike riders.
- E-bikes are allowed on sidewalks, but only if bicycles are allowed. Bike paths are not specifically mentioned under the law; therefore it’s best to consult with your local authority or agency for clarification.
North Dakota
How an Electric Bike Is Defined- The state of North Dakota defines an e-bike as a “motorized bicycle.” Electric bicycles must follow the same rules of the road as traditional bicycles.
- As motorized bicycles, e-bikes must follow specific vehicle laws, including licensing, registration, and insurance requirements. Riders must be at least 14 years old to legally operate an electric bicycle.
- E-bikes are not permitted on sidewalks. Bike paths are not specifically mentioned under the law; therefore it’s best to consult with your local authority or agency for clarification.
Ohio
How an Electric Bike Is Defined
- The state of Ohio defines an e-bike as an “electric bicycle.” Both electric bicycles and traditional bicycles must adhere to the same rules of the road.
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The state defines three classes of e-bikes.
- Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 20 mph.
- Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 20 mph.
- Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 28 mph.
- E-bikes are not required to meet the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that standard motor vehicles are subject to.
- Riders and passengers of Class 3 e-bikes must wear helmets.
- E-bikes are permitted to be on bike paths. However, local authorities can restrict the use of e-bikes on bike paths, so it’s best to consult with your local authority or agency for clarification.
Oklahoma
How an Electric Bike Is Defined- Electric bicycles are regulated the same as traditional bicycles. Both must follow the same rules of the road as stipulated by the local governments.
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The state defines three classes of e-bikes.
- Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 20 mph.
- Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 20 mph.
- Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 28 mph.
- E-bikes are not required to meet the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that standard motor vehicles are subject to. Riders must be at least 16 years of age or older to operate a Class 3 e-bike. Anyone under the age of 16 may ride a Class 3 e-bike as a passenger only.
- Class 3 e-bikes are not allowed on a bicycle or multi-use path unless located adjacent to a highway or roadway, or approved by the local authority or state agency with jurisdiction.
Oregon
How an Electric Bike Is Defined- The state of Oregon defines an e-bike as an “electric assisted bicycle.” To be placed in this category, the motor must be under 1000w, have a maximum speed of 20 mph, and have pedals that can be operated by human power. Both electric bicycles and traditional bicycles must adhere to the same rules of the road.
- E-bikes are not required to meet the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that standard motor vehicles are subject to.
- Electric bicycle riders are not required to wear a helmet. The minimum age requirement for e-bike riders is 16.
- E-bikes are permitted to be on bike paths but are not allowed on sidewalks.
Pennsylvania
How an Electric Bike Is Defined- The state of Pennsylvania defines an electric bicycle as a “pedalcycle with electric assist.” An electric bike qualifies under this category if the motor is under 750w, if the e-bike has a maximum speed of 20 mph on a level surface when powered solely by the motor, if the bike weighs no more than 100 pounds, and if it features operable pedals. The electric bicycle must follow the same rules of the road as a traditional bicycle.
- E-bikes are not required to meet the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that standard motor vehicles are subject to.
- E-bikes are permitted on sidewalks; however, restrictions may apply.
Rhode Island
How an Electric Bike Is Defined
- Rhode Island defines e-bikes as “electric motorized bicycles.” These e-bikes have a maximum power output of 1491w, and a top speed of 25 mph with fully operable pedals.
- There are no registration requirements for electric bicycle use.
- State law does not specify whether or not e-bikes are allowed on bike paths. Reach out to your local authority or state agency for further clarification.
South Carolina
How an Electric Bike Is Defined- There is no specific classification for electric bikes under current South Carolina traffic laws. However, since e-bikes are technically vehicles, they are required to follow the same rules as standard vehicles.
- Electric bikes that are equipped with a 750w motor are exempt from being classified as mopeds. Therefore, e-bikes do not have to meet the licensing and registration requirements that apply to mopeds. They must, however, follow the same rules of the road as traditional vehicles.
- State law does not specify whether or not e-bikes are allowed on bike paths. Reach out to your local authority or state agency for further clarification.
South Dakota
How an Electric Bike Is Defined- The state of South Dakota defines an e-bike as an “electric bicycle.” Both electric bicycles and traditional bicycles must adhere to the same rules of the road.
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The state defines three classes of low-speed e-bikes.
- Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 20 mph.
- Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 20 mph.
- Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 28 mph.
- E-bikes are not required to meet the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that standard motor vehicles are subject to. You must be at least 16 years of age to ride a Class 3 electric bicycle, unless riding as a passenger.
- Class 1 or 2 electric bicycles are allowed on any bicycle path or multi-use path in the state. However, Class 3 electric bikes are not permitted on bicycle trails, paths, or multi-use trails or paths. Class 3 e-bikes are only allowed on roadways.
Tennessee
How an Electric Bike Is Defined- The state of Tennessee defines an e-bike as an “electric bicycle.” Both electric bicycles and traditional bicycles must adhere to the same rules of the road.
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The state defines three classes of low-speed e-bikes.
- Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 20 mph.
- Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 20 mph.
- Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 28 mph.
- E-bikes are not required to meet the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that standard motor vehicles are subject to.
- Both riders and passengers of Class 3 e-bikes are required to wear helmets. Riders must be at least 14 years old to operate a Class 3 e-bike.
- E-bikes are not permitted on sidewalks. Class 1 and Class 2 e-bikes can be operated on bike paths. However, local governments have the power to impose restrictions on the use of Class 1 and Class 2 e-bikes.
Texas
How an Electric Bike Is Defined
- In Texas, electric bicycles are regulated in the same way as traditional bicycles. Both vehicles must follow the same rules of the road.
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The state defines three classes of e-bikes.
- Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 20 mph.
- Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 20 mph.
- Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 28 mph.
- E-bikes are not required to meet the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that standard motor vehicles are subject to. Class 3 e-bike riders must be at least 15 years old unless riding as a passenger.
- Local governments have the power to impose restrictions on the use of electric bicycles.
Utah
How an Electric Bike Is Defined- In Utah, electric bicycles are regulated in the same way as traditional bicycles. Both vehicles must follow the same rules of the road.
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The state defines three classes of e-bikes.
- Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 20 mph.
- Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 20 mph.
- Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 28 mph.
- E-bikes are not required to meet the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that standard motor vehicles are subject to.
- E-bikes are allowed on bike paths but are not permitted on sidewalks.
Vermont
How an Electric Bike Is Defined- The state of Vermont categorizes e-bikes as “motor-assisted bicycles.” Under Vermont law, electric bicycles are subject to the same laws as traditional bicycles.
- E-bikes that qualify as motor-assisted bicycles or tricycles have pedals that are fully operable, a motor with a power output of no more than 1000w, and a maximum speed of 20 mph.
- Riders of electric bicycles are not required to meet registration and operator’s license guidelines. This means that e-bike riders are also exempt from insurance requirements.
- E-bikes are not permitted on sidewalks. State law does not specify whether or not e-bikes are allowed on bike paths. Reach out to your local authority or state agency for further clarification.
Virginia
How an Electric Bike Is Defined- E-bikes with a motor under 1000w and that feature operable pedals are classified as “electric power assisted bicycles.” Under Virginia law, electric bicycle riders are not allowed to travel faster than 25 mph. This rule applies to both e-bikes and traditional bikes.
- E-bikes are not required to meet the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that standard motor vehicles are subject to.
- Helmets are not required for electric bicycle use, but there is a minimum age of 14 for e-bike riders.
- E-bikes are permitted on both sidewalks and bike paths.
Washington
How an Electric Bike Is Defined
- In Washington, electric bicycles are regulated in the same way as traditional bicycles. Both vehicles must follow the same rules of the road.
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The state defines three classes of e-bikes.
- Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 20 mph.
- Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 20 mph.
- Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 28 mph.
- E-bikes are not required to meet the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that standard motor vehicles are subject to.
- Both Class 1 and Class 2 e-bikes are allowed on bicycle paths. However, Class 3-bikes are not allowed on bicycle paths unless authorization is provided by the local state agency. Electric bicycle riders under the age of 16 are not allowed to operate an e-bike, but they are allowed to ride as a passenger.
West Virginia
How an Electric Bike Is Defined- An electric bicycle is defined as a “moped.” Because of this, e-bikes are not required to follow the same rules of the road as traditional bicycles.
- Since e-bikes are categorized as mopeds, they are subject to meeting the same licensing and insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles. Riders must be at least 15 years old to operate the e-bike.
- All e-bike riders are required to wear helmets.
- E-bikes are not permitted on sidewalks. State law does not specify whether or not e-bikes are allowed on bike paths. Reach out to your local authority or state agency for further clarification.
Wisconsin
How an Electric Bike Is Defined
- The state of Wisconsin defines an e-bike as a “motor bicycle.” As long as the motor is under 750w, has a maximum speed of 20 mph, and has operable pedals, the electric bike falls into the bicycle category.
- Anyone operating an electric bicycle must have a valid license. By law, e-bikes are considered bicycles for vehicle registration purposes.
- There is no requirement that electric bicycle riders wear helmets; however, riders must be at least 16 years old to operate an e-bike.
- Although e-bikes are not allowed on bike paths, the rules regarding sidewalks vary by city.
Wyoming
How an Electric Bike Is Defined- The state of Wyoming defines an e-bike as an “electric bicycle.” Both electric bicycles and traditional bicycles must adhere to the same rules of the road.
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The state defines three classes of low-speed e-bikes.
- Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 20 mph.
- Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 20 mph.Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 28 mph.
- E-bikes are not required to meet the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that standard motor vehicles are subject to.
- All three classes of e-bikes are allowed on bike paths. However, local governments have the power to impose restrictions on the use of e-bikes using motor power while on bike paths. It’s best to check with your town, city, our county for clarification on local electric bicycle rules and regulations.
Familiarize Yourself with Your Local Electric Bike Laws
It’s important to note that certain counties and cities have their own electric bike laws in place, so you may need to visit your local DMV or city hall for further information on local e-bike laws and restrictions.
Since electric bike laws are constantly changing, it can be difficult to keep up with all of the rules, even for expert riders. It’s important to familiarize yourself with your state’s e-bike laws. By staying up-to-date with the rules set in place by your state and local government, you’ll be able to enjoy the benefits of riding your electric bicycle.
Please note: The information in this article is for educational and informational purposes only. This guide is meant to present information that is general in nature. Please refer to your local state, city, and county laws and regulations for further information.
